Laser ƙari masana'antu fasahar (AM) fasaha, tare da abũbuwan amfãni daga high masana'antu daidaito, da karfi sassauci, da kuma babban mataki na aiki da kai, ana amfani da ko'ina a cikin masana'antu na key sassa a cikin filayen kamar mota, likita, sararin samaniya, da dai sauransu (kamar roka). nozzles na man fetur, maƙallan eriya ta tauraron dan adam, dasa ɗan adam, da sauransu).Wannan fasaha na iya inganta haɓaka aikin haɗin gwiwar sassan da aka buga ta hanyar haɗaɗɗen ƙirar kayan aiki da aiki.A halin yanzu, Laser ƙari fasahar masana'antu gabaɗaya rungumi dabi'ar Gaussian mai da hankali katako tare da babban cibiyar da low gefen makamashi rarraba.Duk da haka, sau da yawa yakan haifar da high thermal gradients a cikin narke, haifar da samuwar pores da ƙananan hatsi.Fasahar ƙirar katako wata sabuwar hanya ce don magance wannan matsala, wanda ke inganta ingantaccen bugu da inganci ta hanyar daidaita rarraba wutar lantarki ta Laser.
Idan aka kwatanta da ragi na al'ada da masana'anta daidai, fasahar masana'anta ƙari na ƙarfe yana da fa'ida kamar gajeren lokacin sake zagayowar masana'anta, daidaiton aiki mai girma, ƙimar amfani da kayan aiki, da kyakkyawan aikin gabaɗaya na sassa.Don haka, ana amfani da fasahar kere kere ta ƙarfe sosai a masana'antu kamar sararin samaniya, makamai da kayan aiki, makamashin nukiliya, na'urorin biopharmaceuticals, da motoci.Dangane da ka'idar tari mai hankali, masana'antar ƙari na ƙarfe na amfani da tushen makamashi (kamar Laser, arc, ko lantarki katako) don narke foda ko waya, sa'an nan kuma tara su Layer Layer don kera abin da ake nufi.Wannan fasaha tana da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci wajen samar da ƙananan batches, sarƙaƙƙun sifofi, ko keɓaɓɓun sassa.Abubuwan da ba za su iya zama ko masu wahalar sarrafawa ta amfani da dabarun gargajiya suma sun dace da shiri ta amfani da hanyoyin masana'anta.Saboda fa'idodin da ke sama, fasahar kere-kere ta ja hankalin masana na gida da waje.A cikin ƴan shekarun da suka gabata, fasahar kere-kere ta sami ci gaba cikin sauri.Saboda da aiki da kai da kuma sassauci na Laser ƙari masana'antu kayan aiki, kazalika da m abũbuwan amfãni daga high Laser makamashi yawa da kuma high aiki daidaito, Laser ƙari masana'antu fasaha ya ɓullo da mafi sauri a cikin uku karfe ƙari masana'antu fasahar da aka ambata a sama.
Fasahar masana'anta na ƙarfe Laser ƙari za a iya ƙara zuwa kashi LPBF da DED.Hoto na 1 yana nuna zane-zane na yau da kullun na tsarin LPBF da DED.Tsarin LPBF, wanda kuma aka sani da Selective Laser Melting (SLM), na iya kera hadaddun abubuwan ƙarfe ta hanyar bincika katakon Laser mai ƙarfi tare da madaidaiciyar hanya akan saman gadon foda.Sa'an nan, foda ya narke kuma yana ƙarfafa Layer ta Layer.A DED tsari yafi hada da biyu bugu matakai: Laser narkewa ajiya da Laser waya ciyar ƙari masana'antu.Duk waɗannan fasahohin na iya kera da gyara sassan ƙarfe kai tsaye ta hanyar ciyar da ƙarfe foda ko waya tare.Idan aka kwatanta da LPBF, DED yana da mafi girman yawan aiki da yanki mafi girma na masana'antu.Bugu da kari, wannan hanyar kuma tana iya dacewa da shirya kayan hadewa da kayan aiki masu daraja.Koyaya, ingancin saman sassan da DED ke bugawa koyaushe yana da rauni, kuma ana buƙatar aiki na gaba don haɓaka daidaiton girman ɓangaren abin da ake nufi.
A cikin na yanzu Laser ƙari masana'antu tsari, mayar da hankali Gaussian katako ne yawanci makamashi tushen.Duk da haka, saboda rarraba makamashi na musamman (babban tsakiya, ƙananan gefen), yana yiwuwa ya haifar da manyan matakan zafi da rashin kwanciyar hankali na tafkin narkewa.Sakamako a matalauta kafa ingancin buga sassa.Bugu da ƙari, idan tsakiyar zafin jiki na narkakken tafkin ya yi girma sosai, zai sa ƙananan abubuwan ƙarfe na narkewa su yi tururi, ƙara tsananta rashin kwanciyar hankali na tsarin LBPF.Sabili da haka, tare da karuwa a cikin porosity, kayan aikin injiniya da rayuwar gajiyar sassan da aka buga suna raguwa sosai.Rarraba makamashi mara daidaituwa na katako na Gaussian kuma yana haifar da ƙarancin ƙarfin amfani da makamashi na Laser da sharar makamashi mai yawa.Don samun ingantacciyar ingancin bugu, masana sun fara bincika ramawa ga lahani na katako na Gaussian ta hanyar gyaggyara sigogin tsari kamar wutar lantarki, saurin dubawa, kauri na foda, da dabarun dubawa, don sarrafa yiwuwar shigar da makamashi.Saboda kunkuntar taga aiki na wannan hanyar, ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun yanayin jiki suna iyakance yiwuwar ƙarin haɓakawa.Alal misali, ƙara ƙarfin Laser da saurin dubawa na iya samun ingantaccen masana'antu, amma sau da yawa yakan zo a farashin sadaukar da ingancin bugu.A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, canza Laser makamashi rarraba ta katako siffata dabarun iya muhimmanci inganta masana'antu yadda ya dace da kuma bugu ingancin, wanda na iya zama nan gaba ci gaban shugabanci na Laser ƙari masana'antu fasahar.Fasahar ƙera katako gabaɗaya tana nufin daidaita rarraba gaban igiyar igiyar igiyar shigar don samun ƙimar ƙarfin da ake so da halayen yaduwa.Ana nuna aikace-aikacen fasahar ƙera katako a cikin fasahar kere kere ta ƙarfe a cikin hoto na 2.
Aikace-aikacen fasahar ƙirar katako a cikin masana'antar ƙari na Laser
Rashin gazawar bugu na Gaussian na gargajiya
A karfe Laser ƙari masana'antu fasaha, da makamashi rarraba Laser katako yana da gagarumin tasiri a kan ingancin buga sassa.Ko da yake Gaussian biam da aka yadu amfani a karfe Laser ƙari masana'antu kayan aiki, sun sha wahala daga tsanani drawbacks kamar m bugu ingancin, low makamashi amfani, da kunkuntar tsari windows a cikin ƙari masana'antu tsari.Daga cikin su, tsarin narkewar foda da kuma yanayin daɗaɗɗen tafkin a lokacin tsarin ƙarar laser na ƙarfe yana da alaƙa da kauri na foda.Saboda kasancewar faɗuwar foda da yankunan yashwa, ainihin kauri na foda ya fi yadda ake tsammani.Na biyu, ginshiƙin tururi ya haifar da fashewar jet na baya.Tururin karfen yana karo da bangon baya don yin fantsama, wanda aka fesa tare da bangon gaba daidai gwargwado zuwa wurin da ke cikin narkakken tafkin (kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto na 3).Saboda hadaddun hulɗar tsakanin katakon Laser da fashe-fashe, fiddawar da aka fitar na iya tasiri sosai ga ingancin bugu na yadudduka na foda na gaba.Bugu da ƙari, samuwar maɓalli a cikin tafkin narke kuma yana tasiri sosai ga ingancin sassan da aka buga.Ƙofofin ciki na ɓangaren da aka buga ana haifar da su ta hanyar ramukan kulle marasa ƙarfi.
Ƙirƙirar ƙirar lahani a cikin fasahar ƙirar katako
Fasahar ƙirar katako na iya samun haɓakar aiki a cikin girma dabam dabam a lokaci guda, wanda ya bambanta da katako na Gaussian waɗanda ke haɓaka aiki a cikin girma ɗaya a farashin sadaukar da wasu ƙima.Fasahar ƙirar katako na iya daidaita daidaitaccen rarraba zafin jiki da halayen kwararar tafkin narke.Ta hanyar sarrafa rarraba makamashin Laser, ana samun ingantaccen tafki narkakkar da ɗan ƙaramin zafin jiki.Dace Laser makamashi rarraba yana da amfani ga suppressing porosity da sputtering lahani, da kuma inganta ingancin Laser bugu a kan karfe sassa.Zai iya samun ci gaba daban-daban a cikin ingantaccen samarwa da amfani da foda.A lokaci guda, fasahar siffata katako tana ba mu ƙarin dabarun sarrafawa, yana 'yantar da 'yancin ƙirar tsari sosai, wanda shine ci gaba na juyin juya hali a fasahar kere kere ta Laser.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-28-2024
