A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tsaftace laser ya zama ɗaya daga cikin wuraren bincike a fannin masana'antu, bincike ya ƙunshi tsari, ka'ida, kayan aiki da aikace-aikace. A aikace-aikacen masana'antu, fasahar tsaftacewar laser ta sami damar tsaftace wurare daban-daban na substrate, abubuwan tsaftacewa ciki har da ƙarfe, aluminum, titanium, gilashi da kayan haɗin gwiwa, da sauransu, masana'antun aikace-aikacen da suka shafi sararin samaniya, jiragen sama, jigilar kaya, jirgin ƙasa mai sauri, motoci, mold, makamashin nukiliya da ma'adinai da sauran fannoni.
Fasahar tsaftacewa ta Laser, wacce ta samo asali tun daga shekarun 1960, tana da fa'idodin ingantaccen tasirin tsaftacewa, nau'ikan aikace-aikace iri-iri, daidaito mai yawa, rashin taɓawa da kuma samun dama. A masana'antu, samarwa da kulawa da sauran fannoni, ana sa ran za su maye gurbin hanyoyin tsaftacewa na gargajiya ko gaba ɗaya, kuma su zama fasahar tsaftacewa ta kore mafi kyau a ƙarni na 21.
Hanyar tsaftacewa ta Laser
Tsarin tsaftacewar Laser yana da matuƙar rikitarwa, wanda ya ƙunshi nau'ikan hanyoyin cire kayan aiki iri-iri, ga hanyar tsaftacewar Laser, tsarin tsaftacewa na iya wanzuwa a lokaci guda da hanyoyi daban-daban, wanda galibi ya danganta da hulɗar da ke tsakanin laser da kayan, gami da cire saman kayan, bazuwar, ionization, lalata, narkewa, ƙonewa, tururi, girgiza, sputtering, faɗaɗawa, raguwa, fashewa, barewa, zubar da jini da sauran canje-canje na zahiri da na sinadarai.
A halin yanzu, hanyoyin tsaftace laser na yau da kullun guda uku ne: tsaftace laser ablation, tsaftace laser mai taimakon fim da ruwa da kuma hanyoyin tsaftace laser shock wave.
Hanyar tsaftacewa ta Laser
Manyan hanyoyin da ake amfani da su wajen aiwatar da hanyoyin sune faɗaɗa zafi, tururi, cirewa da kuma fashewar lokaci. Laser ɗin yana aiki kai tsaye akan kayan da za a cire daga saman substrate kuma yanayin yanayi na iya zama iska, iskar gas ko injin tsabtace iska. Yanayin aiki yana da sauƙi kuma ana amfani da shi sosai don cire nau'ikan rufi, fenti, barbashi ko datti. Zane da ke ƙasa yana nuna tsarin aikin hanyar tsaftace laser.
Lokacin da hasken laser ya fito a saman kayan, substrate da kayan tsaftacewa sune farkon faɗaɗa zafi. Tare da ƙaruwar lokacin hulɗar laser da kayan tsaftacewa, idan zafin jiki ya yi ƙasa da matakin cavitation na kayan tsaftacewa, kayan tsaftacewa kawai tsarin canji na zahiri ne, bambanci tsakanin kayan tsaftacewa da ma'aunin faɗaɗa zafi na substrate yana haifar da matsin lamba a mahaɗin, abin tsaftacewa yana fashewa, yagewa daga saman substrate, fashewa, karyewar injiniya, murƙushewar girgiza, da sauransu, ana cire kayan tsaftacewa ta hanyar jet ko cire saman substrate.
Idan zafin ya fi zafin gasification na kayan tsaftacewa, za a sami yanayi biyu: 1) matakin ablation na kayan tsaftacewa ya fi ƙasa da matakin substrate; 2) matakin ablation na kayan tsaftacewa ya fi matakin substrate girma.
Waɗannan yanayi guda biyu na kayan tsaftacewa sune narkewa, cavitation da ablation da sauran canje-canje na kimiyyar lissafi, tsarin tsaftacewa ya fi rikitarwa, ban da tasirin zafi, amma kuma yana iya haɗawa da kayan tsaftacewa da abubuwan da ke tsakanin karyewar haɗin kwayoyin halitta, rugujewar kayan tsaftacewa ko lalacewa, fashewar lokaci, gasification na kayan tsaftacewa nan take, samar da plasma.
(1)Tsaftace Laser tare da taimakon fim mai ruwa
Tsarin hanyar ya ƙunshi tururin ruwa da girgiza, da sauransu. Amfani da buƙatar zaɓar tsawon laser da ya dace, don rama rashin matsin lamba a cikin tsarin tsaftacewar laser, ana iya amfani da shi don cire wasu abubuwan tsaftacewa mafi wahalar cirewa.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa, an riga an rufe fim ɗin ruwa (ruwa, ethanol ko wasu ruwaye) a saman abin tsaftacewa, sannan a yi amfani da laser don haskaka shi. Fim ɗin ruwa yana shan makamashin laser wanda ke haifar da fashewar ruwa mai ƙarfi, fashewar motsi mai sauri na ruwa mai tafasa, canja wurin makamashi zuwa kayan tsaftacewa na saman, ƙarfin fashewa mai yawa ya isa ya cire dattin saman don cimma manufofin tsaftacewa.
Hanyar tsaftace laser mai taimakon fim tana da rashin amfani guda biyu.
Tsarin aiki mai rikitarwa kuma yana da wahalar sarrafa tsarin.
Saboda amfani da fim ɗin ruwa, sinadarin sinadarai na saman substrate bayan tsaftacewa yana da sauƙin canzawa kuma yana samar da sabbin abubuwa.
(1)Hanyar tsaftacewa nau'in raƙuman Laser mai girgiza
Tsarin aiki da tsarin aiki sun bambanta sosai da na farko guda biyu, tsarin aikin galibi shine cire ƙarfin girgiza, abubuwan tsaftacewa galibi barbashi ne, galibi don cire barbashi (sub-micron ko nanoscale). Bukatun tsari suna da tsauri sosai, duka don tabbatar da cewa ikon yin ionize iska, amma kuma don kiyaye tazara mai dacewa tsakanin laser da substrate don tabbatar da cewa aikin akan barbashi na ƙarfin tasiri ya isa.
An nuna zane-zanen tsarin tsaftacewar raƙuman girgizar Laser a ƙasa, laser ɗin yana daidai da alkiblar harbin saman substrate, kuma substrate ɗin ba ya haɗuwa. Matsar da kayan aiki ko kan laser don daidaita mayar da hankali kan laser zuwa ga ƙwayar da ke kusa da fitowar laser, wurin da abin da ke faruwa na iska zai faru, wanda ke haifar da raƙuman girgiza, raƙuman girgiza zuwa faɗaɗawar saurin faɗaɗar siffar ƙwallo, kuma ya faɗaɗa zuwa ga ƙwayoyin. Lokacin da lokacin da ɓangaren jujjuyawar raƙuman girgizar ke kan ƙwayar ya fi lokacin ɓangaren tsayi da ƙarfin mannewar ƙwayoyin, za a cire ƙwayar ta hanyar birgima.
Fasahar tsaftacewa ta Laser
Tsarin tsaftacewar laser ya dogara ne akan saman abin bayan shan makamashin laser, ko tururi da volatilization, ko faɗaɗa zafi nan take don shawo kan shaƙar ƙwayoyin cuta a saman, ta yadda abin zai fito daga saman, sannan ya cimma manufar tsaftacewa.
A taƙaice dai kamar haka: 1. Rushewar tururin laser, 2. cire laser, 3. faɗaɗa zafin ƙwayoyin datti, 4. girgizar saman substrate da girgizar ƙwayoyin cuta fannoni huɗu
Idan aka kwatanta da tsarin tsaftacewa na gargajiya, fasahar tsaftacewa ta laser tana da halaye masu zuwa.
1. Tsaftacewa ce "bushewa", babu maganin tsaftacewa ko wasu magungunan sinadarai, kuma tsaftar ta fi tsarin tsaftace sinadarai girma.
2. Faɗin cire datti da kuma kewayon substrate ɗin da ya dace yana da faɗi sosai, kuma
3. Ta hanyar daidaita sigogin tsarin laser, ba zai iya lalata saman substrate ba bisa ga ingantaccen cire gurɓatattun abubuwa, saman yana da kyau kamar sabo.
4. Ana iya sarrafa tsaftacewar Laser cikin sauƙi ta atomatik.
5. Ana iya amfani da kayan aikin share gurɓataccen laser na dogon lokaci, ƙarancin kuɗin aiki.
6. Fasahar tsaftacewa ta Laser wata hanya ce ta: kore: tsarin tsaftacewa, kawar da sharar gida foda ne mai ƙarfi, ƙaramin girma, mai sauƙin adanawa, ba zai gurɓata muhalli ba.
A shekarun 1980, saurin ci gaban masana'antar semiconductor a saman abin rufe fuska na silicon wafer barbashi na fasahar tsaftacewa ya gabatar da buƙatu mafi girma, babban abin da ake buƙata shi ne shawo kan gurɓatar ƙananan barbashi da substrate tsakanin babban ƙarfin sha, tsaftace sinadarai na gargajiya, tsaftacewar inji, hanyoyin tsaftacewa na ultrasonic ba za su iya biyan buƙata ba, kuma tsaftacewar laser na iya magance irin waɗannan matsalolin gurɓatawa, bincike da aikace-aikace masu alaƙa sun haɓaka cikin sauri.
A shekarar 1987, an fara amfani da fasahar mallakar fasaha wajen tsaftace laser. A shekarun 1990, Zapka ya yi nasarar amfani da fasahar tsaftace laser a tsarin kera semiconductor don cire ƙananan barbashi daga saman abin rufe fuska, inda ya fahimci amfani da fasahar tsaftace laser da wuri a fannin masana'antu. A shekarar 1995, masu bincike sun yi amfani da laser TEA-CO2 mai karfin 2 kW don cimma nasarar tsaftace fenti na cire fenti na jirgin sama.
Bayan shiga ƙarni na 21, tare da ci gaban lasers mai saurin gudu, bincike na cikin gida da na ƙasashen waje da aikace-aikacen fasahar tsabtace laser ya ƙaru a hankali, yana mai da hankali kan saman kayan ƙarfe, aikace-aikacen ƙasashen waje na yau da kullun sune cire fenti na jirgin sama, rage mai a saman mold, cire carbon na ciki na injin da tsaftace saman haɗin gwiwa kafin walda. Cibiyar Walda ta Amurka Edison Welding ta tsabtace laser na jirgin yaƙi na FG16, lokacin da ƙarfin laser na 1 kW, girman tsaftacewa na 2.36 cm3 a minti ɗaya.
Ya kamata a ambaci cewa bincike da amfani da fenti na laser na cire sassan hadadden kayan aiki na zamani shi ma babban abin jan hankali ne. Ruwan wukake na HG53 na sojojin ruwan Amurka, HG56 helicopter propeller da kuma wutsiyar jirgin saman F16 da sauran saman hadadden kayan aiki an yi su ne don cire fenti na laser, yayin da kayan hadadden kayan aikin China a aikace-aikacen jiragen sama suka makara, don haka irin wannan binciken yana nan a bayyane.
Bugu da ƙari, amfani da fasahar tsaftacewa ta laser don magance saman haɗin gwiwa na CFRP kafin a manne shi don inganta ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa shi ma yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka mayar da hankali a kansu a yanzu. Daidaita kamfanin laser zuwa layin samar da motoci na Audi TT don samar da kayan aikin tsaftacewa na fiber laser don tsaftace saman fim ɗin oxide mai sauƙi na aluminum. Rolls G Royce UK ta yi amfani da tsaftacewar laser don tsaftace fim ɗin oxide a saman abubuwan da ke cikin injin titanium air-inji.
Fasahar tsaftace laser ta bunƙasa cikin sauri a cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata, ko dai sigogin tsarin tsaftace laser ne da tsarin tsaftacewa, binciken abubuwan tsaftacewa ko aikace-aikacen bincike ya sami babban ci gaba. Fasahar tsaftace laser bayan bincike mai yawa na ka'idoji, manufar bincikenta koyaushe tana karkata ga aikace-aikacen bincike, da kuma amfani da sakamako mai kyau. A nan gaba, fasahar tsaftace laser don kare kayan tarihi na al'adu da ayyukan fasaha za ta fi amfani, kuma kasuwarta tana da faɗi sosai. Tare da ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha, aikace-aikacen fasahar tsaftace laser a masana'antu yana zama gaskiya, kuma faɗin aikace-aikacen yana ƙara zama mai faɗi.
Kamfanin sarrafa laser na Maven ya mai da hankali kan masana'antar laser tsawon shekaru 14, mun ƙware a fannin alamar laser, muna da injin tsabtace laser na kabad na injin, injin tsabtace laser na akwati na trolley, injin tsabtace laser na baya da injin tsabtace laser guda uku a cikin ɗaya, ban da haka, muna da injin walda na laser, injin yanke laser da injin sassaka laser, idan kuna sha'awar injinmu, kuna iya bin mu kuma ku ji daɗin tuntuɓar mu.
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-14-2022
